Discussion part Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Discussion part - Lab Report Example Upon administration of satraplatin, a number of metabolites (JM118, JM383, JM518, JM559 and JM149) are formed (Raynaud et al. 1996). Platinum complexes can kill tumour cells owing to their ability to form various covalent adducts on DNA (Brabec, 2002). DNA conformation is affected by the formation of adducts which also impacts some of the other intracellular processes including DNA damage recognition by specific proteins, DNA polymerisation and repair, all of which contribute to the antitumour activity of the platinum-based compounds e.g., cisplatin (Johnson et al., 1989). Most of the chemotherapeutic drugs that have been found to be clinically valuable act by damaging DNA in proliferating cells. Thus, DNA damage is pivotal to the origin, progression and treatment of cancer. Also, higher the cytotoxicity of the compound, better the efficacy. In the present study, both the Comet assay and the MN technique were employed to assess the genotoxic effects of satraplatin and vinflunine. The comet assay essentially evaluates primary DNA damage, which is reparable, by measuring single- and/or double-strand breaks in individual cells (Collins et al., 1997). Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an oxidising agent that is produced intracellularly during normal metabolism or when exposed to external agents such as solar UV radiation. H2O2 can cause DNA damage through sugar and base modifications (Dizdaroglu, 1992). In this study, human lymphocytes incubated for 30 min with 50ÃŽ ¼M H2O2 showed substantial DNA damage, seen as a 7-fold increase in the mean Olive Tail Moment (OTM) values compared to the control sample (Fig. 1). In those cells that were subjected to a one-hour pre-incubation with satraplatin (0.02ÃŽ ¼M - 200ÃŽ ¼M) a significant reduction in OTM values was obtained. The observed decrease in OTM, ranging from 30% - 75%, was directl y proportional to the concentration of satraplatin used. The mode of action of many

Questionnaire Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Questionnaire - Research Proposal Example Complimentary meals VII. Special price promotions VIII. Extending special privileges to immediate family members IX. Any other please specify ___________________________________________ 7. How are the loyalty programmes designed for the corporate segment Flat rate Linked to volume Rewards on accumulated points Any other, please specify ______________________________________ 9. Which features in your opinion, attract maximum guests and justify the hotel's expenses in making such an offer 10. What is the objective of your loyalty programme I. Decrease price sensitivity (Is there an effort on part of your hotel to persuade customers to try new offers, pay premium prices, and/or use the hotel for increasingly diverse services so that they resist cheaper offers by competing hotels) II. Serve as a defensive measure to cope with competition (since other hotels offer such programmes, your hotel needs to offer too) III. Increase patronage and attract new customers (encourage word of mouth support and endorsement) IV. Ensure repeat usage V. Any other, please specify_______________________________ 11. How do you manage your loyalty programmes I. Use of CRM (Customer relationship management) (any specific software)_______________ II. III. Feedback forms IV. V. In house software which is used for bookings and managing guest stay VI. VII. Any other, please specify_______________________________ VIII. 12. How do you identify a loyal customer in the retail segment-when he arrives at your hotel- so that he is serviced accordingly (What is the delivery mechanism) I. With a loyalty card II. Internal records 13. In which way, if at all, do you involve your employees in the loyalty programmes especially staff from housekeeping and F&B, who may interact... 20. In your opinion are loyalty programmes essential for loyal customers to exist If yes why, if no why not (especially in light of the argument that that excellent service and satisfaction among guests is considered by many researchers as enough to maintain loyalty)